What's the relationship of a Router with its loopback interface in logic?

Question

I have a Router1 with a loopback 0 connected to the Router2:

the interface brief is bellow:

Router1>show ip interface brief 
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol 
GigabitEthernet0/0/0   10.0.12.1       YES manual up                    up 
GigabitEthernet0/0/1   unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down 
Loopback0              1.1.1.1         YES manual up                    up 
Vlan1                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

the ip route is bellow:

Router1#show ip route 
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       10.0.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0/0
L       10.0.12.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0/0

I have a question, what's the logic relationship of Router1 and its loopback0?

if we regard the loopback0 as its a logic router interface, the route 1.1.1.1/32 should be L, because the Gig0/0/0's ip is L.

if we regard the loopback0 as a independent Server(because its relationship is connected), it should have something to connect the loopback0, right?

Answer 1

Loopback interfaces are virtual interfaces that are considered directly connected interfaces. Your Loopback0 interface is defined with a /32 network, which, by definition, is a local route. How you are seeing it when you show the routes is how the /32 is reported. If you had addressed it with a longer mask, you would also get a Local route (the /32 address).

Your GigabitEthernet0/0/0 interface is a physical interface directly connected to the 10.0.12.0/24 network, and its Local address on that network is 10.0.12.1.

I tested this.

First, with a /32 network on the loopback:

Router1(config)#int lo12345
Router1(config-if)#ip address 10.11.12.13 255.255.255.255
Router1(config-if)#do sh ip int br                       
Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
  ...
Loopback12345              10.11.12.13     YES manual up                    up      
  ...
DFW-Router1(config-if)#do sh ip route                        
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is x.x.x.x to network 0.0.0.0

  ...
      10.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        10.11.12.13 is directly connected, Loopback12345
  ...

Next, with a /24 network on the loopback:

Router1(config-if)#ip address 10.11.12.13 255.255.255.0
Router1(config-if)#do sh ip int br
  ...
Loopback12345              10.11.12.13     YES manual up                    up      
  ...
Router1(config-if)#do sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is x.x.x.x to network 0.0.0.0

  ...
      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.11.12.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback12345
L        10.11.12.13/32 is directly connected, Loopback12345
  ...

It seems that if the interface address is the network address, you do not get a sparate Local address in the routing table for that network.