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I want to know which device initiates the data exchange in OSPF protocol (master device or slave device).

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From "OSPF version 2" RFC 2328

During the Hello phase, every router sends packets:

Hello packets are sent periodically out all router interfaces. (section 7.1)

During database synchronisation, the master leads:

Database Description Packets sent by the master (polls) are acknowledged by the slave (section 7.2)

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