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show spanning-tree interface gigabitethernet 0/2
Switch default
Instance Role State Cost Prio type
-------- ---- ----- ---- ---- ----
MST00 Designated Forwarding 20000 128.2 P2P
MST01 Designated Forwarding 20000 128.2 P2P
MST02 Designated Forwarding 20000 128.2 P2P
How the value 128.2 is calculated?
128 is the default port priority (not cost) for xSTP interfaces, and .2 is the port number (eg: gi0/2).
In short, all things being equal (and in their default state), if two switches have multiple links joining them together, the lowest physical port number will generate the lowest port priority, and hence become the preferred root port.
128 is the default bridge priority. 2 is the port number and its default priority.
STP always chooses the bridge or port with the lowest number = highest priority. Paths to bridges with higher numbers are blocked. Put another way, the bridge with the overall lowest priority number is elected as root bridge. All ports leading to the root bridge are compared by their cost (lowest cost is chosen) and when there's a tie between bridges, the path to the bridge with the lowest priority number is chosen.
When there's a tie between ports (=two ports connecting to the same bridge) the ports' priorities are used.
Note that in both bridge and port priorities, the configured priority is prepended to the bridges MAC address or the port number. So, even with identical configured priorities there can never be a tie between bridges or ports as each hardware number is unique.
