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i am studying off this

https://www.practicalnetworking.net/series/packet-traveling/key-players/#arp

but my question is if ip address is for end to end communication , how is the end to end happening when all it is just hop to hop using MAC address?i understand they gotta encapsulate the L2 header with a MAC but please forgive me if i am wrong but it seems like IP addresses's use in network communication is to get the MAC address.I am not talking about in LAN network communication,i understand mac is important there , talking about network to network.Is ip address just a bunch of hop to hop mac communication?

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  • Not all L2 networks are MAC based, but on those that are the addresses are required.
    – Zac67
    Oct 24, 2022 at 8:27

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