Questions tagged [network-core]
One of the three layers of network design. The main characteristics of the network core are that is should be highly redundant and high performance. As such, it is often one of the simpler layers in that it should not implement any services that impact performance. No user/server connections should be made to a pure network core.
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Network exposure function in 5G core network
I want to integrate Network exposure function(NEF) to another core network functions . Is their any one help me how to do that?
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The relationship between IP address and AS number
I've recently been looking for the IP prefixes originating from a specific AS. And there are a few questions I'd like to get confirmed.
We can register IP addresses and ASN from RIR. But where can we ...
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Link utilisation
Studying Packet Switching. Encountered a question -
What i know?
Packets are transmitted over each communication link at the rate equal to full transmission rate of the link.
Router is using Store-...
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What could be the bottleneck of my load-testing case?
I need to bring up a bunch of my devices in the network to hit some other service, for testing purposes. And I have used GNS3 to simulate that.
As you may find in my GNS3 project, I have such ...
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Why does a queue of a network device like router starts to fill up if the arrival rate equals the transmission rate of the outbound link?
In the book "Computer Networks: A Top Down Approach by Kurose" it is written that when the traffic intensity approaches 1, the average queue length gets larger and larger. Traffic intensity ...
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Can port mirroring be used to convert single video stream to multiple video streams?
I am new in networking and had a basic query regarding port-mirroring.
A video stream is taken from camera-based software system and is being fed to a distribution system. For high availability (...
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OTN interface on router
In the IP over DWDM Wikipedia page, we see this sentence: (this link)
"A true IPoDWDM solution is implemented only when the IP Routers and Switches support ITU-T G.709. In this way, IP devices ...
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Wants to understand traffic flow of Catalyst layer3 Switch 3850 . what are sequence this switch will check to delivery packet to destination
i wants to know clear understanding about how Cisco layer3 switch checks in sequence order when traffic arrive to its L3 Interface . i want to know traffic flow in Cisco layer 3 switch ,because switch ...
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Are there any alternative devices to routers?
I am not talking about the router used at home to access Internet .
I am talking about devices used in the network core.
I want to know if there are alternative devices, if any, used for forwarding ...
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P2P Connections
Hey there I am a noob in the field of networking and I have a confusion: What is the difference between point-to-point and end-to-end connection ?
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Symmetric routing and asymmetric routing plz elaborate
First of all thanks,
Am pretty much confused this both term of routing read blog's and notes but still kinda confused.
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Packet scheduling in LTE/5G core network components
Scheduling algorithms must be used on the radio side of these technologies in order to map radio sources to incoming/outgoing data packets and satisfy quality of service requirements such as latency ...
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Deploying Virtual Stackwise Catalyst 9400
I am looking into deploying Virtual Stackwise on the Catalyst 9400 series switches. I wanted to know based on best practices where should the VSL links be deployed on the Sups or the modules? Is there ...
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How to explain the data flow of OSI model layers in a single picture [duplicate]
Take an example of searching www.example.com in a web browser. I have some confusions at each layer and they are
We have opened a web browser and searched for www.example.com. Now, As far as I know, ...
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What is the use of Phy and MAC chip?
Is it mandatory to have a MAC and PHY chip?
Are these two chips within a NIC CARD?
As I understand, these two chips are connected using RGMII or SGMII or xaui.
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IP Domain-name on aggregation layer switch
Hi I was trying to generate ssh key for a switch
I read that , ssh key is generated as a combination of hostname and domain-name
I created a domain name like test
But doubt is , why isn't the ...
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Network ( routing and switching) , security
In my company network i am installing new cisco2811 router but i have problem, my LAN network can not ping and access network. i get point to point internet from ISP.
PTP IP is 192.186.86.200/24 and ...
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Are There Link Layer Switches in the Network Core? [closed]
Do we use link layer switches only in LANs, or are they deployed in the network core as well? I cannot picture the network core in my mind, is it just all routers starting from the edge router?
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value EstimatedRTT at first time?
What is the value of EstimatedRTT at first time?
EstimatedRTT = (1-α) EstimatedRTT + α*SampleRTT
Is it the average of all sampleRTT ?
For example i have following SampleRTTs:
120 ms, 140 ms, 160 ms
...
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What are the significance of different types of routers?
Initially when I started learning networking, I understand the 'Switches' and 'Routers' are the core components of networking.
As I started getting more into networking, I started hearing different ...
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Should a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) be setup with a router at each site?
Should a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) be setup with a router at each site? Or, because the connections between sites are usually at layer two, should each site operate on one "master" switch which ...
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HSRP - 2 separate Virtual Router for Distribution and WAN?
I've got 2 Core-Multilayer-Switches connected with each other with two cables (trunks). They are also connected with the distribution-switches (and each switch is connected with both core-switches).
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Separate a network within the enterprise environment
What will be the best solution, to securely separate a network and have internet connectivity.
In an existing enterprise environment (Firewall, Dhcp, routers and switches) i will like to separate ...
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Cisco Nexus 7k Mac move
I have been troubleshooting a mac move behaviour on my core network, which is made of 2 Nexus 7K with F3 series modules. They are inter-connected with a fabricpath mode port-channel. All the remote ...
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Unbundling local loop
When we are dealing with local loop, we indicate the last mile of connection from the CABINET (or whatever else) to the subscriber.
Now, I'm asking to you, the local loop is the medium of the access ...
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Given a network switch, can we identify the devices (IP not assigned yet) connected to it? [closed]
If IP is not assigned to the server yet and suppose it is connected to a switch, then can we still get the details of the server from the switch?
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Cisco 3064 switch upgrade from 6.0.x to 7.0.x issue
I am trying to upgrade from 6.0.2.U6.5c to nxos.7.0.3.I4.7, before upgrade i want to make sure it pass all checks but i got this error. This switch isn't in production yet but want to make sure it ...
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L3 Core to Firewall question
I'm in need of some advice regarding the implementation of the network core layer of a network I need to design. I've found some similar questions asked (and answered) already, but none have really ...
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How to use MCLAG for In Service Software Upgrade (ISSU)
In following video, the CTO of Arista claims that they use Multi Chassis Link Aggregation (MCLAG) setup for In Service Software Upgrade (ISSU) with zero down time on their switches
https://www....
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Cant ping & access HP switch on network connected on trunking mode
I have been facing this problem for a very long time. Here is a diagram of the switch situation:
The problem is that I have been trying to access the switch on the RIGHT(A3100) through the network ...
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Physical interface as switch port and VLAN interface as layer 3 [closed]
In most of large ISP networks, physical interfaces are used as switch ports (layer 2 port) and VLAN interfaces are used as layer 3.
Could you please explain what is the main purpose to use like this?
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How does a Switch Fabric Module work internally?
I am interested how does a switch fabric module work internally.
What interfaces does it use to physically connect the I/O modules on switches? Where are the CAM / MAC tables of the switch? Are ...
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ASA 5585 licensing question
We have purchased Security Plus and output showing following, in Failover it's showing Active/Active does that means i can't configure Active/Standby ??
Licensed features for this platform:
Maximum ...
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Cisco ACL for NTP
We have Cisco ACL configured for all inbound traffic and today i have add NTP to allow few remote NTP server to sync tim.
I have created object-group NTP group and multiple remote NTP server in that ...
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VPN in single host vs VPN on GATEWAY
I was looking at some lightweight VPN solution like wireguard etc.
If am correct, VPN provide two functionalities.
1. Tunneling which helps in anonymity
2. Encrypted channel which helps in ...
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subnetworks in the following diagram
I know that routers are used to divide the networks but i am confused to check the number of networks in the following diagram. Does the switches that are in the green color is a seperate subnetwork? ...
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How do routers pass packets back down to switches?
I just had a very fundamental question about the transition between the router and the switch: I want to know about what happens when a router receives a packet, how does it go about passing it down ...
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Working of Application Protocol and TCP/IP Protocol
I was reading Steven's book on Unix Network Programming.There was a paragraph in chapter 1 which said:
Even though the client and server communicate using an application protocol, the transport
...
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Vrf-lite limitations on Cisco 6800
I wish to segment a network consisting on 150 tenant using vrf lite on Cisco 6800. The vrf configuration will be standalone as only the 6800 will be configured with vrf. Tenant's CPE will be connected ...
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What problem does Dynamic NAT solve?
I have been reading the below link, and got few question.
http://www.omnisecu.com/cisco-certified-network-associate-ccna/static-nat-dynamic-nat-and-pat.php
What I understand?
Static Nat -> Just a ...
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About Tiers in the internet
If I'm connected to a Tier 3 ISP then does that mean whenever I access anything over the internet, the traffic has to go through a Tier 1 ISP because I've read that Tier 3 ISPs purchase their ...
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Relationship between DNS records of routers, whois information and geolocation? [closed]
Let's assume I have a connection between a machine at a datacenter in France and a datacenter in Singapore and the RTT between the two is around 270 ms according to ping.
If I do a traceroute from ...
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Spanning Tree cost calculation
We have following network diagram, but SW3 isn't in place, and I have a question before I plug SW3 into the network.
Sorry, I put in the wrong diagram before. The following diagram is the correct one:
...
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High Speed data Transmission [closed]
How does NVIDIA GeForce NOW manage such high and massive data transmission between PC and servers?
PS: Please attach relevant articles or journal papers to support your claim.
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Is bandwidth a sum of network speed each computer in sub network?
I'm not good at English But I really confused about this.
I used the word computer but it can be mobiles or any of devices which can have networking.
Let just the Internet bandwidth is 100Mbps, ...
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F5 as a backbone router
We've been using the LTM and ZebOS for some time now. Time and again we've run into OSPF bugs, and an upgrade usually resolved them. ZebOS's BGP has been relatively stable in that regard.
We're ...
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Why Label switching is faster than table lookups
I learned that Label Switching (LS) technique, such as MPLS, is really faster than the classical routing method where each router takes a bit time to look up its IP table for routing to the next hop. ...
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Finding the TCP throughput for intermediate switches along a transmission path
I am working on network simulation where my network should be as close from real-world conditions as possible. I am coding a function that calculates the latency and bandwidth of between switch A and ...
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How to refer packets that belong to specific TCP session?
How can I know which packet belongs to a specific TCP session? In my experiment, a client establishes a TCP session with the web server every 5 seconds using wget command (I also noticed it uses ...
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The Difference between session and flow in networks
What is the difference between session and flow in networks? In fact, I always visualize flow as a set of packets having the same source and destination. What confuses me is session. So I'd like to ...
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