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As you note, gateways can be statically configured. You can have a default gateway (gateway of last resort to 0.0.0.0/0) and/or gateways for more specific networks (prefixes longer than 0). A gateway is the host on a network that is used to reach other networks.
An IPv4 host can receive a default gateway from the DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) ...
3
RFC 1918 provides address ranges that you can safely use within a private network without any danger that these same addresses might be used on the public Internet.
Any node within your network needs to be able to address any destination it requires. If your local network uses the same address range (subnet) that some public servers do (e.g 244.18.42.0/24), ...
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Why do we need private addresses such as RFC1918?
Well, say for instance you configure your local network with your router interface 8.8.8.1/24. You configure your clients with DHCP of range 8.8.8.100-8.8.8.254.
Everything will work fine, your clients in your local network will be able to contact each other. You can even S-NAT these addresses to your WAN-...
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