New answers tagged routing
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As per Configuration provided , it is directly connected networks no manually static route Configuration is not required . When network is directly connected networks route is automatically creates in layer3 devices .
Moreover subnetmask used is 255.255.255.252 has only two usage ip address 192.168.4.1 &192.168.4.2 , ip address. 192.168.4.1 & 192....
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Routing protocols
Routing protocols allow and ensure routing traffic among destination to destined traffic towards destinations
Example of routing protocols are default route , static routes, RIPversion1 , rip version 2 , EIGRP, OSPF , BGP .
Routed protocols
Routed protocols are ip address types examples of routed protocols are IPV4 & IPv6.
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You seem to be missing one redistribution, which is on R2 where you redistribute BGP to RIP and vice versa. R3 does not know how to reach R0. Routing protocols do not automatically share routes with each other.
You should use the show ip route command on each router to see the networks that each router knows how to reach.
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Anycast works by announcing an subnet (most /24 as this is the smallest accepted size) from all location Anycast comes from.
the easiest explaination come from: https://downloads.isc.org/isc/pubs/tn/isc-tn-2003-1.txt which is F-root(ISC, the guy behind bind9) anycast architecture.
or read the wikipedia article about anycast.
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R1 and R3 require a route back to 192.168.3.0/24 via R2. Without it, they use their default route towards the Internet for the echo reply.
You need to either add the route statically or configure a routing protocol like OSPF.
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I'm going to not exactly answer your question but instead talk about solutions. Based on my professional experience working with media companies, you're over-complicating this. Instead of trying to DIY something when you don't already have the institutional knowledge, if you really need reliable, real-time video streaming you should find a solution for that ...
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I don't actually think that this is a layer 2 or 3 problem. BGP may not failover quickly enough to avoid a hiccup in a live stream. Reliable transport of live video is not quite a solved problem, but a problem that has several good solutions to it.
One approach often used is bonding of two (or more) different networks. Some video transport protocols, such as ...
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An alternative to a relatively involved BGP scheme could be to use a forwarding gateway or server on the Internet (with good availability). You monitor both Internet uplinks and reconfigure the server to forward to the "good" one.
The easiest way to set up such a server is by using a TCP or UDP proxy - it accepts a stream from a camera and forwards ...
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If you want to do this, you will need to get IP space and probably an AS number allocated by a regional internet registry. You will then need to get a router that supports BGP and work with your providers to set it up to advertise your IP space to them. Ron and Jeff have described the mechanics pretty well.
However there are a few more things you should ...
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In your question, you're broadly describing the concepts implemented by Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), a signaling protocol "big" Internet routers use to coordinate the Internet routing table.
Somehow, through the magic of the Internet, routing tables, and the like, this router is able to tell the world the best way to get to the companies ...
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In addition to @ronmaupin 's answer, you will need your own IP address space (not owned by your ISPs), and your own Autonomous System Number (ASN) for the company location. Depending where you are, it may be difficult to get IPv4 addresses, so you should plan on using IPv6. You also will need to establish BGP peering with each of your ISPs.
Depending on the ...
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ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.90.1 192.168.90.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.90.254
ip dhcp pool SITEA
network 192.168.90.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.90.254
dns-server 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
lease 8
@ your DHCP Configuration clearly shows that default -gateway is excluded, actually not required to exclude default gateway ip address in DHCP . ...
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If your question is about service ports associated with UDP or TCP then there is no objection to have same port for both incoming and outgoing traffic . Both incoming and outgoing traffic are independent to its direction .
When application is hosted on webserver . Application is hosted on specific service port example tcp-443 or any other port . Initially ...
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To ensure communication between IP address 10.10.1.2 and 10.10.2.4 both ip address belongs to different Vlans to ensure communication between different Vlans inter-Vlan need to be done , for doing inter-Vlan routing layer3 device is required . Where as cisco 2960 is layer2 device . Move both Vlans to Cisco SG300 switch hence this switch has layer3 ...
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Layer2 won't understand ip address , layer2 switch will only forward traffic on basis of mac-addres table
Let have example
Packet forwarding to host A from layer3 switch
Once the packet reaches layer3 switch as host A as destination , layer3 devices process this packet by varyfying routing table , in routing table it found that this network was directly ...
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Routing table need to be update accordinglly so that packet that reaches layer3 devices verify routing table to destine packet to destination .
For this reason layer3 devices need to have routes to every next hops if traffic wants to destine to destionation on next hop networks.
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In some scenario few ISPs will use. Private ip address range for routing traffic between ISP and customer edge layer3 device .Over this private ip address subnets public ip address are routed . This requirement is total ISP depending .
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Create a saparate Vlan in router , if your are using router configure one sub-interface or if using layer3 then Configure SVi and allow traffic thought all downstream switches through trunkport . Exclude this Vlan subnet from NAT overload policy Configured in edge device . So that this Vlan subnet cannot access internet access .
Now this Vlan is totally ...
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Your requirement seems to be inbound traffic ,Wants to access servers hosted in inside networks from outside networks . To establish this connectivity static natting has to configure in edge device or perimeter device .
Static NAT
Routet(config)# ip nat inside souce static 192.168 .3.50 X.X.X.X eq 8080
Router(config)#ip nat inside souce static 192.168 3.51 X....
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Capture TCP dump on souce or destination servers and extract TCP dump in wire shark .This wiresshark logs can clearly demonstrate the TCP handshake total round trip time . Or there is a clear visibility on traffic from source to destination and destination to source vice-versa along with timestamp from this observation delays or latency at network level ...
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If your are facing problem of increasing in size of routing table size possible options are
. Auto summaries the routes . This can reduce the size of routing table to optimal level .
.2) change the existing routing from to OSPF inter area and divided networks into multiple areas to optimise size of routing table .
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When packet reaches layer3 devices ,layer3 device will forward packet towards destination by checking routing table ,based on routing table packet is forwarded to next hop . Basically routing table is framed with manual configuration static ,and dynamic routes and by directly connected networks
If the packet won't find the route towards the destination in ...
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R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0 wasn't working while R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 was working.
This should work . When creating sub interfà ce with IPaddress 192.168.1.10 . This ip address act as default gateway for this Vlans . But make sure you assign another ip address to Pc ,assign 192.168.1.12 to PC0 .
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Firewall is security devices mainly used to deployed at perimeter level whereas layer3 switch can be deployed at core level for creating Vlans , SVI , routing traffic among VLANs and other LANs , Configuring Access-list from restriction of traffic among VLANs , DHCP Configuration .
To achieve maximum throughput from firewall . Firewall has to be deployed at ...
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To let PC 1 and PC 2 communicate with each other .
In Switch1 layer3 device :
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Just creating a vlans is not enough . Configure switch virtual interface (SVI) on layer3 switch
.
Switch1(config)#int Vlan 1
Switch(config)#ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch1 (config)# no shutdown
Switch1(config)#int Vlan2
Switch(config)#ip address 10.10.2.1 255.255.255....
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You can design your network as per your requirement depends upon devices used in setup
Option 1 : Using router and layer2 switches
Configure inter-Vlan routing between four subnets in router by creating sub -interfaces
Example
Router(config)#int F0/0
Router(config)#no ip address
Router(config)# no shutdown
Router(config)# int f0/0.3
Router(config)#ip ...
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Chossing a routing protocols for a setup is depends upon design of networks , scalablity , nature of business , size of business , potential expansion in future , business requirements , cost , number of application hosted , number of sessions per seconds ,
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To ensure connectivity between Different Vlan . Routing has to be done between both Vlans , Layer3 device is required for Configuring routing between Vlans . In router inter-Vlan routing need to be done to ensure connectivity between two Vlans by Configuring inter-Vlan routing .
In layer3 switch Switch virtual interfaces(SVI) need to be configured and enable&...
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The mentioned static route is VRF Configured virtual route forward . VRF Actually Configured on layer3 devices creating virtual instance creating separate routing table for this VRF .
ip route vrf vrf_45065 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 172.22.145.153 2
Above static route is configured for routing traffic to specific /32 subnet ,traffic with destination ip ...
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Routing need to be configured on both routers . As per your requirement static routing need to configured on both routes ensuring routing between both sites .
Further make sure that both sites IP address subnets are not conflicting.
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When there is no Configuration configured on managable cisco switches . Cisco switches it's self acts like unmanaged switches .
So you can induct or de-induct switches in networks without any issue . But there is risk of inducting unmanaged switches in setup there is possibility of no loop avoidance mechanism in networks.
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Configure filters in layer3 devices with specific service ports
and check for traffic . We should able to see traffic when Configured filters with specific service ports .
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My sugestion is to configure switch virtual interfaces(SVI) in core switch for each Vlan . And enable inter-Vlan routing by using command "IP Routing" After enabling inter-Vlan routing all vlan will communicate to each other , Now Configure access-list accordinglly to restrict traffic among Vlans accordinglly to your business requirements . Further ...
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Issue seems to be unable to ping from different subnets host machine . But able to ping from core switch where subnets directly connected networks .
Your are preciouly able to ping from core switch because it is directly connected network.we can see ARP table in core switch maping IP address to directy connected subnets host IP address . Where as unable to ...
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Sub -interfaces are logical interfà ces created on layer3 devices or firewalls . The parent interface is logically segregate . But for parent interface no ip address should be configured .
Example
Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
Router(config)#no ip address
Router(config)# no shutdown
Further create sub-interfaces
Router(config)# interface ...
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Check connectivity post enabling " IP routing " command in layer3 switch .
This command ensures inter-Vlan routing between different Vlans . Try this connectivity post enabling "IP routing "
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Does a Business Router from an ISP perform actual routing or only Network Address Translation (NAT)?
Router is capable of doing both NATing and routing as well . Without any issue . Router performance is monitored regularly CPU , RAM. Disk capabilities .
Router operates in layer3 of network layer wheras NATing and routing capabilities are present in router .
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For requirement , If client wants to access server which is hosted behind firewall hosted on another networks . Portforwarding is required .
In firewall
Souce : Client IP address
Destination as : Server IP address
Service port : RDP (TCP-3389)
Action : Allow
Security profile : ON
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Using bridge devices and layer2 switches in networks is limited to forwarding frames in same networks with the reference to mac -address table which mapped mac-address to switch ports ..
But in scenario where traffic has to forward to another networks . Network layer is essential to find best path towards destination for selected best path it's check routing ...
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Having default route 0.0.0.0/0 Configured in router totally depend upon taffic flow . If there is no internet traffic in setup . Then there is no need of default route Configuration in routers . Because when user is browsing resouces from internet packet will take default route in router pointing to gateway of ISP
Router(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 ...
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When considering internet traffic from private LAN prospective . It is outbound traffic (inside to outside) .
NAT overload or port address translation is configured for translating many private IP address to ISP provided public IP address
Assuming LAN subnet is 10 213.0.0/21
Router(config)#access-list 101 permit IP 10.231.0.0 255 .255.248.0 0 Any
Router(...
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Policy based routing Configuration helps us to route traffic to destination with reference to source .
With PBR traffic can be only routed . It has limitation for controlling traffic .
ASA firewall is security device where as inbound and outbound traffic is granually controlled and monitor traffic by framing security policies in firewalls . C891 has ...
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As inter-Vlan routing is enabled in perimeter router . By default PC's and laptops should ping each other . If not pi g mean check for
Any access -list Configured on perimeter router . If there Configured access -list as per requirement .
checks for window OS firewall status. if it is windows firewall or if any other OS check for OS level firewall status ....
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Instead of creating 8 saparate internal networks for 8 saparate interface .There is a feasible to create sub -interface for all the internal networks . To overcome bandwidth utilization on subinterface Configured link . Use 3 interface and aggregate the links
Further down stream switch Connecting firewall with trunk port allowing all Vlans .
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A TCP or UDP packet has TWO port numbers, a source port number and a destination port number. When replying to a packet the convention is to swap the destination address with the source address and the destination port number with the source port number.
The normal convention is that servers use well-known port numbers, while clients use ephemeral port ...
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Static routing is also referred as one to one routing . Administrative distance of AD value is 1 .
Next hop is path towards next hop router . Example below .
#IP route destination 19.X.X.X subnet mask 255 X X.X.X next hop " next network devices exist interface "
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Internet hosted resources can access through internet by static nat that is one to one natting
As you described resource in internal Lan server can be accessed from internet on any required port
For this requirement static public IP is required which is provided by ISP . Further configured one to one natting (static natting)
Asumming internal server ip ...
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Essentially not required to reboot the firewall after adding route entry .
Post adding the route entry in graphicall user interface . And for reconfirmation check in CLI.
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Configure the static route from gateway 1 network to gateway 2 networks
==>> As destination as supernet for lan pool pointing towards gateways 2 networks interface .
==>> And make sure route entry for reverse traffic from gateway 2 to gateway 1
==>> As destination as "VPN pool subnet " pointing towards gateway 1 interface .
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The easiest solution for your requirement is deployed layer3 switch at distribution layer and layer2 switches at access -layer , and router as edge devices .
In Router
Configure interface configuration for ISP interface and configure default route pointing towards gateway of ISP .
And configure specific route as destination as LAN subnet pointing towards ...
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