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how p2p connections are established over the internet

it's being said that a peer to peer network is not server-base for routing and processing data and only uses server for getting the up to date nodes addresses (probably their internet IP address) to connect to other node directly without no intermediate server. so my question is, how computer(node) A can establish a connection with node B over the internet. the IPs that ISP gives to us is invalid and isn't reachable. so how does this p2p work with these invalid node IP address over internet?